Olive Varieties

Midilli, Şakran names are also used. Its fruits and seeds are medium sized, contain 24.7% oil and are used for oil. Its oil is golden yellow, has a fruity scent and a pleasant odor. In recent years, when the flesh color turns pink, it is used as the “Pink Boots Olive” type, It is harvested during the black maturity period and used as the “Sele” type for black table.

It is given names such as Taş arası, Aşı yeli, Tekir, Gülümbe, Şehir yağlık. Its fruits and seeds are large and contain 28.6% oil. It is evaluated as table or oil. Its oil is dark greenish yellow, has a strong fruit smell, and has a high polyphenol value among other varieties. The fruits harvested in the green maturity period are processed according to the "Spanish Method" and a product suitable for foreign market demands is obtained. The fruits harvested in the black maturity period are evaluated as black table.

It is widely cultivated in Akhisar, Turgutlu, Saruhanlı districts of Manisa, Kemalpaşa, Bornova, Selçuk districts of İzmir, Söke, Karacasu districts of Aydın. The fruits are large, the seeds are medium-sized, easily separated from the flesh and contain 20.6% oil. The fruits harvested during the green maturity period are sweetened in various ways, then the seeds are removed and the seed cavity is filled with pepper, carrot, almond etc. and processed as “Stuffed Olives”.

It is a variety commonly seen in the Ödemiş district of İzmir and its surroundings. Its fruits and seeds are very large. The fruit contains 21.8% oil. Since the flesh is hard, it is resistant to storage. It is evaluated as a green table olive in the domestic market. The increasing demand for large olives in the foreign market has increased the importance of this variety.

It is also known as “Breaked Olive” and “Memleli”. But it is different from the regional variety “Memleli”. This variety grows in the districts of Ödemiş, Kiraz, Torbalı in İzmir, and Nazilli, Sultanhisar and Yenipazar in Aydın. Its fruits are large, its seeds are medium-sized and it contains 26.9% oil. It is usually processed as “Breaked Olive” for green table use.

It is also called İzmir Yağlık or Local Yağlık. It is the earliest maturing variety in the Aegean region. Its oil content is around 25.4%. In the Karaburun, Çeşme, Urla and Foça districts of İzmir, where humid sea winds prevail, the fruits of this variety lose their bitterness on the tree due to the effect of a fungus called "Phoma Oleae" and the fruits turn brown. It can be eaten without any sweetening process. It is called "Hurma Zeytin"

Its fruits and seeds are medium-sized and contain 21.5% oil. Its fruits are sensitive to cold. Since the flesh is soft, care should be taken during harvest and transportation. Since its fruits are shiny dark black in color and have a good taste when fully ripe, they are considered black table fruits.

There are two types called top cherry and oval cherry. Its origin is Manisa Akhisar. Its tree grows strongly, forming a large, wide and round crown. Its fruits are large and round. The fruit tip is flat and sometimes ribbed. It shows strong periodicity. It ripens early. It is not sensitive to cold. Its ripe fruits resemble cherries, hence its name. It is evaluated as black table.

Names such as Gemlik, Kıvırcık, Kaplık, Kara are used for this variety. It is one of the important olive varieties of the Marmara region. It is grown in the provinces of Bursa, Tekirdağ, Kocaeli, Kastamonu, İzmir, Manisa, Aydın, İçel, Adana, Antalya and Adıyaman and has spread over a very wide area. Nearly 80% of the olive saplings produced by public institutions and the private sector in our country are Gemlik olive saplings. Therefore, this variety is found in all regions where olive cultivation is carried out. Its fruits and seeds are medium-sized and contain 29.9% oil. It is evaluated as black table. Since its fruits are rich in oil, grains other than table quality are evaluated as oil.

It grows in Gölcük districts. Its fruits are very large, its seeds are small compared to their size. The fruits contain 20.8% oil. It is evaluated as green table.

Water olive and Kalamata... Its origin is Kocaeli Karamürsel. Its tree is medium-strength, forms a medium-sized, scattered, spreading and drooping crown. Its fruit is very large and oval, usually has a protrusion at the tip. Its yield is medium and shows periodicity. It is damaged by low temperatures. It is sensitive to flies and moths. Its oil content is low. It is evaluated as table.

It is also called topak aşı. It is grown in Tarsus and Seyhan districts of Adana, İskenderun district of Hatay, Anamur and Erdemli district of İçel, and Sütçüler district of Isparta. Its fruits are large, its seeds are small compared to the size of the fruit and contain 20.2% oil. Since the flesh is soft, care should be taken during harvesting and transportation. This variety, which is meaty and delicious, is generally processed as a green table olive and evaluated as a “Boot Olive” type.

It is grown intensively in Seyhan, Kozan and Yumurtalık districts of Adana. Its fruits are medium-sized, its seeds are very large and contain 18.8% oil. If the temperature drops to a critical level, cracks are seen in the shoots, thin branches and twigs and the fruits turn into dates due to cold. It is evaluated as green and black table grapes to meet the family needs in its own ecology.

It is a variety that is seen intensively in the Altınözü district of Hatay and its surroundings. Its fruits and seeds are small and contain 29.2% oil. If the temperature drops to a critical level, the shoot tips dry out, and damages such as bark cracks are seen on thin branches and twigs. Since its oil content is high, it is generally used for oil. It is also used as green and black table grapes to meet family needs.

It is a variety that is seen intensively in the Altınözü district of Hatay and its surroundings. Its fruits and seeds are small and contain 29.2% oil. If the temperature drops to a critical level, the shoot tips dry out, and damages such as bark cracks are seen on thin branches and twigs. Since its oil content is high, it is generally used for oil. It is also used as green and black table grapes to meet family needs.

There are trees of this variety in the provinces of Mardin, Hatay, Gaziantep and Kahramanmaraş. Its fruits are medium-sized, its seeds are large and it contains 21.9% oil. The fruits harvested during the green maturity period are processed into the "Cracked Olive" type. They export the remaining olives from consumption in the region to Arab countries.

It is a regional variety common in the Akçaabat district of Trabzon. Its fruit and seeds are large and ripen early. It contains the least oil among regional varieties. It is resistant to cold. It is used for oil in its region.

It is common in Artvin and its surroundings. Its fruits are large, its seeds are medium-sized and contain high amounts of oil. It ripens early but its maturity period is long. It can be recommended for transition regions as it is resistant to cold. It is evaluated as oil and table.